NFC English full name Near Field Communication, short-range wireless communication. It is a wireless technology initiated by Philips and jointly promoted by famous manufacturers such as Nokia and Sony. Not long ago, a pan-European consortium was established by a number of companies, universities and users to develop an open architecture for NFC and promote its application in mobile phones. NFC evolved from the integration of contactless radio frequency identification (RFID) and interconnection technology. It combines the functions of proximity card reader, proximity card and point-to-point on a single chip, which can identify and data with compatible devices within a short distance. exchange. This technology was originally a simple merger of RFID technology and network technology, and now it has evolved into a short-range wireless communication technology, which is developing rapidly.

Different from RFID, NFC has the characteristics of two-way connection and identification, works in the frequency range of 13.56MHz, and has a working distance of about 10 cm. NFC technology drives standardization under the framework of ISO 18092, ECMA 340 and ETSI TS 102 190, and is also compatible with the widely used ISO 14443 Type-A, B and Felica standard contactless smart card infrastructure.

The NFC chip is installed on the mobile phone, and the mobile phone can realize small-value electronic payment and read the information of other NFC devices or tags. The short-distance interaction of NFC greatly simplifies the entire authentication and identification process, making mutual access between electronic devices more direct, safer and clearer. Through NFC, multiple devices such as computers, digital cameras, mobile phones, and PDAs can be easily and quickly connected wirelessly, thereby realizing data exchange and services.

Technical advantages

Like RFID, NFC information is also transmitted by electromagnetic induction coupling in the radio frequency part of the spectrum, but there is still a big difference between the two. First of all, NFC is a wireless connection technology that provides easy, safe and rapid communication. Its transmission range is smaller than that of RFID. The transmission range of RFID can reach several meters or even tens of meters. However, due to the unique signal attenuation technology adopted by NFC, Compared with RFID, NFC has the characteristics of short distance, high bandwidth and low energy consumption. Second, NFC is compatible with existing contactless smart card technology and has now become an official standard supported by more and more major manufacturers. Again, NFC is a short-range connection protocol that provides easy, secure, fast and automatic communication between various devices. Compared to other connection methods in the wireless world, NFC is a close-proximity method of private communication. Finally, RFID is more used in production, logistics, tracking, asset management, while NFC plays a huge role in access control, public transportation, mobile payment and other fields.

At the same time, NFC is also superior to infrared and Bluetooth transmission methods. As a consumer-facing transaction mechanism, NFC is faster, more reliable and much simpler than infrared. Compared with Bluetooth, NFC is oriented towards short-range transactions and is suitable for exchanging important data such as financial information or sensitive personal information; Bluetooth can make up for the shortcoming of NFC communication distance and is suitable for long-distance data communication. Therefore, NFC and Bluetooth complement each other and co-exist. In fact, the fast and lightweight NFC protocol can be used to guide the Bluetooth pairing process between two devices, facilitating the use of Bluetooth.

The NFC mobile phone has a built-in NFC chip, which forms part of the RFID module and can be used as an RFID passive tag—to pay for fees; it can also be used as an RFID reader—for data exchange and collection. NFC technology supports a variety of applications, including mobile payments and transactions, peer-to-peer communications, and on-the-go information access. Through NFC mobile phones, people can connect with the entertainment services and transactions they want to complete payments, get poster information and more through any device, anywhere, anytime. NFC devices can be used as contactless smart cards, smart card reader terminals and device-to-device data transmission links. Its applications can be divided into the following four basic types: for payment and ticket purchase, for electronic tickets, For intelligent media and for exchanging and transmitting data.